This is an academic paper that contrasts media coverage of white non-medical opioid users with that of black and brown heroin users to show how divergent representations lead to different public and policy responses. Historically differential policy responses are discussed between the crack epidemic of the 1980's and the opioid crisis. The need for racial equity and justice is highlighted.  

This is an academic paper that examines the design, early implementation, and results of the Washington State Hub and Spoke Model, built on prior approaches to increase capacity and improve the delivery system for medication treatment and support services for opioid use disorder.

This is an academic paper that gives an overview of an interprofessional inpatient addiction care team in an urban, safety-net hospital in San Francisco. Barriers to implementation and lessons learned are discussed. 

This is an informative report from the Bipartisan Policy Center that gives an overview of federal opioid funding, and where the money is going in the continuum of care. It also gives a breakdown by state with overviews of several selected states.  

This is a report from the Bipartisan Policy Center that tracks spending targeted to address the opioid crisis across the federal government for fiscal year 2019 and provides insight into how funds are being spent at the state and county level, with specific case studies on six states - Ohio, Arizona, Tennessee, Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Washington. 

This report outlines how despite availability of effective treatments for opioid use disorder, lack of training can lead to clinicians under prescribing them. The Foundation for Opioid Resource Efforts emphasizes the importance of the hub and spoke model to expand the number of OUD providers, and explains how more research is needed in identifying what pushes primary practices to become OUD providers. 

This is a policy brief from the Campaign for Trauma-Informed Policy and Practice that reviews the evidence linking trauma and adverse childhood experiences to opioid use disorder. It also provides examples of trauma-informed prevention and treatment strategies, and describes innovative approaches being used by communities to address the opioid crisis.

This is a report from the Centre of Excellence for Women's Health that gives guidance on providing "trauma-informed" services to people with opioid use disorder. Trauma-informed practice is an approach to care that integrates an understanding of trauma into all levels of care, system engagement, workforce development, organizational policy, and cross-sectoral collaborations.

This academic paper describes a policy scan done on the four rural states of Indiana, Maine, Missouri, and Colorado. The paper compared how each state has adapted its Medicaid program to reduce rural maternal opioid misuse. The data collected in the study will inform the best policy implementation strategy to combat maternal opioid misuse and opioid use disorder in rural areas. 

This is an academic paper that provides commentary on an emerging treatment model for opioid use disorder (OUD), where medication treatment is delivered through telemedicine. Different telemedicine models for buprenorphine are discussed, as well as strengths and weaknesses of these models. This is especially relevant due to the recent Covid/coronavirus pandemic. 

This policy brief from the National Rural Health Association (NRHA) reviews several key opportunities to remedy the problem of the lack of evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder in rural communities. It emphasizes a dual focus on making medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) an option in all rural communities and fully funding rural mental health infrastructure. There is also an extensive set of policy recommendations in this document. 

This is a national data system of both annual admissions and discharges from substance use disorder treatment facilities, predominantly those that are publicly-funded.