This is an academic paper that shows that there is a strong relationship between medical school rank and opioid prescribing. Physicians who completed their initial training at top medical schools wrote significantly fewer opioid prescriptions annually than physicians from lower ranked schools, even within the same specialty and practice location, highlighting the importance of the impact of physician education on opioid prescribing.
Schnell, M., Currie, J. (2018). Addressing the Opioid Epidemic: Is There a Role for Physician Education?. American Journal of Health Economics, 4(3), 383–410.